Oil. pottery raw materials and construction materials can be found in the Province. The best developed industries in the area are oil processing, chemical processing, textile and  silk production, butter-fat production and construction materials production. There are oil processing factories functioning in Ferghana and Altiarick. The Province also supplies equipment for oil and gas processing, light and textile industries, silk and cotton cloths, clothing and footwear, glass packaging and much more. A wide range of heat power plants supplies sufficient power throughout the area. The ceramic factory in Rishtan provides the market with decorative crockery made in the national style. The chemical industry consisting of oil processing, mineral fertilizers, manufacture of artificial fiber; light industry consisting of yarn and cloth manufacture; mechanical engineering and processing are priorities in terms of industrial activities.

Agriculture is the main activity of the economy The Province is mainly involved with growing cotton, sericulture, horticulture and wine growing. There are large irrigation systems available for crops. Animal husbandry concentrates on meat and milk production. The total output of this area of the Province's economy is 39,2 million Soum. To ensure further growth of agricultural production in the Province, modern technologies should be introduced. It is also necessary to take into account the different levels of soil fertility.

The Province of Ferghana has a ring railroad connecting Kokand, Margilan, Kizil and Kiya. The total length of railroads exceeds 200 km. The total distance covered by tarred roads is more than 3 000 km. Ferghana and Kokand each have a national airport.