Health

Uzbekistan faces the problem of a persistently high death-rate of able-bodied people or infants, though the latter indicator is tending to decrease. According to 1980 data, the death rate of children under one year was 47 per 1,000; by 1994 that figure had dropped to 28.3. The indicator is still, however, very high. It is necessary to keep in mind that infant mortality is very low in some countries, for instance, 3.8 in Sweden, 4.6 in Japan, and 6.5 in the Netherlands, etc. The first official order "Soglom Avlod Uchun" ("Fora Healthy Generation") was passed by President's Decree on March 4, 1993 and was the first such two-tier order ever to be established.

This strategy was brought into being as a result of the existing demographic situation, and aims to protect mothers and children, and provide guidelines for the ethical upbringing of the younger generation.

The order is awarded not only to those who deal immediately with the nurturing of the younger generation and the protection of their health. It can be awarded to employees of different state and public organizations who have contributed towards the protection of mothers and children. Its importance also lies in the fact that it may be granted as a high assessment of the care given to orphans and disabled children. It may be also granted to public organizations arranging large charity campaigns of a national scale and creating material and spiritual values, protecting and glorifying motherhood and childhood.

Another concrete manifestation of concern for the health of children and mothers was the Decree of April 23, 1993 or the establishment of the International Non-Governmental Charity Foundation "Soglom Avlod Uchun". It was stressed in the Decree that the Foundation should help to maintain the health of the younger generation, protect mothers and children and create conditions conducive for the physical intellectual and moral development of children. The Foundation is open to the participation of all legal entities and individuals, including foreign nationals organizations and associations.

It was decided to set up its branches in all regional centers and in Tashkent. The main objectives are to improve the material and technical facilities of maternity houses and institutions for children, to provide new equipment and efficient medicines for them, and to coordinate the efforts of the public and government aimed at improving the genetic pool that constitutes the future generation whilst taking into account international experience.

On March 5, 1994 the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan passed a Resolution "On State Support to the International Non-Government Foundation "Soglom Avlod Uchun". The aim of this Resolution is to help in carrying out a complex programme for the health improvement of the younger generation and to provide state support to medical investment and charily programs of the Foundation.

This important document indicated, in particular, a need to set up Foundation departments in all districts and towns and the necessity to render financial, material and technical assistance to the Foundation, its branches and departments, Publication of the magazine "Soglom Avlod Uchun" has also started.

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